Research article | Open Access
International Journal of Trends and Developments in Education 2025, Vol. 5(1) 16-32
Development of the STEAM+E (Entrepreneurship) Skills Scale for Teachers: A Validity and Reliability Study
pp. 16 - 32 | DOI: https://doi.org/https://zenodo.org/records/15712032
Publish Date: June 30, 2025 | Single/Total View: 0/0 | Single/Total Download: 0/0
Abstract
This research aims to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool for teachers’ STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics) and entrepreneurship skills. While STEAM education aims to develop students’ 21st-century skills, such as problem-solving, creativity, and collaboration, with an interdisciplinary approach, entrepreneurship education encourages transforming these skills into value-added products. Research: It was conducted with 146 teachers in Turkey, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Lithuania, and Italy who are actively teaching in branches in the field of STEAM. The study used the expert opinion method to ensure appearance and scope validity, and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were used to ensure construct validity as a result of AFA obtained a measurement tool consisting of 37 items and four factors (interdisciplinary cooperation, entrepreneurial skills, risk-taking and decision-making, creativity and innovation), which explains 72.42% of the total variance value. As a result of CFA, it was determined that 37 items and the four-factor model obtained in AFA had the desired and sufficient fit indices. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient confirmed the reliability of the scale. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients of interdisciplinary cooperation, entrepreneurial skills, risk-taking and decision-making, creativity, and renewal factors in the scale were determined as .935, .935, .960, and .961, respectively, and Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient for the whole scale was determined as .977. In light of these findings, it can be said that the STEAM+E (Entrepreneurship) Skills Scale for Teachers is a valid and reliable measurement tool.
Keywords: STEAM, STEAM+E, entrepreneurship, scale development
APA 7th edition
Basaran, M., Yagli, D., Er, F.T., & Vural, O.F. (2025). Development of the STEAM+E (Entrepreneurship) Skills Scale for Teachers: A Validity and Reliability Study. International Journal of Trends and Developments in Education, 5(1), 16-32. https://doi.org/https://zenodo.org/records/15712032
Harvard
Basaran, M., Yagli, D., Er, F. and Vural, O. (2025). Development of the STEAM+E (Entrepreneurship) Skills Scale for Teachers: A Validity and Reliability Study. International Journal of Trends and Developments in Education, 5(1), pp. 16-32.
Chicago 16th edition
Basaran, Mehmet, Denizhan Yagli, Fatma Tuba Er and Omer Faruk Vural (2025). "Development of the STEAM+E (Entrepreneurship) Skills Scale for Teachers: A Validity and Reliability Study". International Journal of Trends and Developments in Education 5 (1):16-32. https://doi.org/https://zenodo.org/records/15712032
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